dig is a DNS lookup command which can be used both Linux and macOS.
dig domain
dig returns A record by default. Let’s dig this blog.
$ dig blog.toshima.ru
; <<>> DiG 9.10.6 <<>> blog.toshima.ru
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 60414
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 5, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1
;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 512
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;blog.toshima.ru. IN A
;; ANSWER SECTION:
blog.toshima.ru. 299 IN CNAME toshimaru.github.io.
toshimaru.github.io. 2996 IN A 185.199.108.153
toshimaru.github.io. 2996 IN A 185.199.109.153
toshimaru.github.io. 2996 IN A 185.199.110.153
toshimaru.github.io. 2996 IN A 185.199.111.153
;; Query time: 42 msec
;; SERVER: 192.168.86.1#53(192.168.86.1)
;; WHEN: Tue Aug 18 09:53:40 JST 2020
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 141
dig answers CNAME record at first, then answers A record for CNAME.
Answer Section Only
You can get only the answer section by using options:
$ dig +noall +answer blog.toshima.ru
blog.toshima.ru. 284 IN CNAME toshimaru.github.io.
toshimaru.github.io. 3584 IN A 185.199.111.153
toshimaru.github.io. 3584 IN A 185.199.109.153
toshimaru.github.io. 3584 IN A 185.199.108.153
toshimaru.github.io. 3584 IN A 185.199.110.153
Short Answer
Adding +short option returns shorter answer.
$ dig +short blog.toshima.ru
toshimaru.github.io.
185.199.108.153
185.199.109.153
185.199.110.153
185.199.111.153
Get another record with dig
Adding type allows you to get another record.
MX record
$ dig github.com mx
; <<>> DiG 9.10.6 <<>> github.com mx
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 21563
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 5, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1
;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 512
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;github.com. IN MX
;; ANSWER SECTION:
github.com. 3476 IN MX 1 aspmx.l.google.com.
github.com. 3476 IN MX 10 alt3.aspmx.l.google.com.
github.com. 3476 IN MX 10 alt4.aspmx.l.google.com.
github.com. 3476 IN MX 5 alt1.aspmx.l.google.com.
github.com. 3476 IN MX 5 alt2.aspmx.l.google.com.
;; Query time: 51 msec
;; SERVER: 192.168.86.1#53(192.168.86.1)
;; WHEN: Tue Aug 18 09:48:21 JST 2020
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 154
TXT record
$ dig github.com txt
; <<>> DiG 9.10.6 <<>> github.com txt
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 61063
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 5, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1
;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 512
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;github.com. IN TXT
;; ANSWER SECTION:
github.com. 3599 IN TXT "MS=6BF03E6AF5CB689E315FB6199603BABF2C88D805"
github.com. 3599 IN TXT "MS=ms44452932"
github.com. 3599 IN TXT "MS=ms58704441"
github.com. 3599 IN TXT "docusign=087098e3-3d46-47b7-9b4e-8a23028154cd"
github.com. 3599 IN TXT "v=spf1 ip4:192.30.252.0/22 ip4:208.74.204.0/22 ip4:46.19.168.0/23 include:_spf.google.com include:esp.github.com include:_spf.createsend.com include:servers.mcsv.net ~all"
;; Query time: 39 msec
;; SERVER: 192.168.86.1#53(192.168.86.1)
;; WHEN: Tue Aug 18 09:50:10 JST 2020
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 388